The Mitra Project

Speciociliatine

SPECI · CAS 570-44-5

Indole alkaloid

Formula

C₂₃H₃₀N₂O₄

Molecular Weight

398.5 g/mol

Abundance in Leaf

3–10%

Last Reviewed

2026-03-12

What Is Speciociliatine?

Speciociliatine is typically the third most abundant alkaloid in kratom, making up roughly 3–10% of total alkaloid content. Unlike mitragynine, speciociliatine acts as an antagonist at mu-opioid receptors — meaning it partially blocks rather than activates them. This may help moderate the opioid-like effects of other alkaloids in the plant, contributing to kratom's overall effect profile being milder than classical opioids. It also shows activity at kappa-opioid receptors, which are associated with sedation and analgesia. Research into speciociliatine is still early-stage, and its full pharmacological role in kratom is not yet established.

Dose-Dependent Effects

Receptor Activity

ReceptorKi (nM)Activity TypeWhat This Means
Mu-opioid (MOR)AntagonistBlocks rather than activates pain/reward receptors. May moderate overall opioid effect of kratom.
Kappa-opioid (KOR)~200Partial agonistActivates kappa receptors associated with sedation and analgesia.
Delta-opioid (DOR)Weak antagonistWeak blocking activity at delta receptors.

Safety & Adverse Effects

Research status

Speciociliatine is an early-stage research compound. Limited human pharmacokinetic data is available. Its antagonist activity at MOR may reduce the opioid-like ceiling of whole-leaf kratom compared to purified mitragynine.

Source: Kruegel et al. 2018; Chear et al. 2021

Drug Interactions

CNS depressants (benzodiazepines, alcohol, opioids)

major

As a component of whole-leaf kratom, speciociliatine is consumed alongside other alkaloids. Standard kratom interaction warnings apply.

COA Connection

Appears on Certificates of Analysis as: SPECI. Graded under Alkaloid Profile (Minor component).

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Cited Literature

[1]

Kruegel AC, Grundmann O (2018). The medicinal chemistry and neuropharmacology of kratom: A preliminary discussion of a promising medicinal plant and analysis of its potential for abuse. ACS Chem Neurosci.

DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00579
[2]

Chear NJY, León F, Sharma A, et al. (2021). Exploring the chemistry of alkaloids from Malaysian Mitragyna speciosa (Kratom) and the role of oxindoles on human opioid receptors. J Nat Prod.

DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01055